Understanding how to use the word “results” correctly is crucial for effective communication in English. Whether you’re writing academic papers, business reports, or simply conversing with others, using “results” accurately enhances clarity and precision. This guide provides a thorough exploration of the word “results,” covering its definition, grammatical function, various usages, common mistakes, and practical exercises to help you master its application. This article is designed for English language learners of all levels, from beginners seeking a basic understanding to advanced speakers aiming to refine their usage.
By delving into the nuances of “results,” you’ll gain the confidence to express outcomes, consequences, and findings with greater accuracy and impact. The information and exercises contained herein will equip you with the tools necessary to navigate the complexities of this versatile word, ensuring that your communication is both clear and compelling.
Table of Contents
- Definition of “Results”
- Structural Breakdown
- Types and Categories of “Results”
- Examples of “Results” in Sentences
- Usage Rules for “Results”
- Common Mistakes When Using “Results”
- Practice Exercises
- Advanced Topics
- Frequently Asked Questions
- Conclusion
Definition of “Results”
The word “results” can function as both a noun and a verb, each with distinct meanings and usages. As a noun, “results” refers to the consequences, effects, or outcomes of an action, process, or event. It represents the tangible or measurable products of something that has occurred. As a verb, “results” (less commonly used) means to occur or follow as a consequence of something. It signifies the act of producing a specific outcome.
The plural form, “results,” is most commonly used, especially when referring to multiple outcomes or a collection of data points. Understanding the dual nature of “results” as both a noun and a verb is crucial for its correct application in various contexts. This section will explore both forms in detail, providing clarity on when and how to use each one effectively.
Structural Breakdown
Understanding the structure of sentences involving “results” helps in constructing grammatically correct and meaningful statements. When used as a noun, “results” often appears as the subject or object of a sentence, frequently modified by adjectives or followed by prepositional phrases that provide context.
Here’s a breakdown of common sentence structures:
- Subject + Verb + Results: The experiment yielded positive results.
- Results + Verb + Complement: The results were inconclusive.
- Results + Prepositional Phrase: The results of the survey were surprising.
When “results” is used as a verb (which is rare), it typically follows a subject and is often followed by a prepositional phrase indicating the outcome:
- Subject + Results + in + Outcome: Carelessness results in errors.
Recognizing these structural patterns allows you to create sentences that effectively convey the meaning and significance of the results being discussed. The correct structure ensures that your message is clear and easily understood.
Types and Categories of “Results”
The term “results” encompasses various categories depending on the context. Here are some common types:
1. Scientific Results
These refer to the outcomes of experiments, studies, or research. They are often quantitative and require precise measurement and analysis.
2. Medical Results
These include test results, diagnoses, and treatment outcomes related to health and medicine. They are critical for patient care and medical decision-making.
3. Business Results
These pertain to the financial performance, sales figures, and market share of a company. They are used to assess the success and profitability of business operations.
4. Academic Results
These consist of grades, exam scores, and research findings in educational settings. They reflect a student’s academic progress and achievement.
5. Sports Results
These are the scores, rankings, and outcomes of sporting events. They determine the winners and losers and reflect the performance of athletes and teams.
6. Election Results
These represent the outcome of elections, indicating which candidates or parties have won. They determine the political leadership and direction of a country or region.
Understanding these different categories helps in interpreting and using “results” appropriately in specific fields. Each category has its own conventions and terminology, so familiarity with these nuances is essential for effective communication.
Examples of “Results” in Sentences
This section provides extensive examples of how to use “results” in various contexts. These examples are categorized to illustrate the different ways “results” can be used as a noun and a verb, with prepositions, and in both formal and informal writing.
“Results” as a Noun
When used as a noun, “results” refers to the outcomes or consequences of an action or event. It is often the subject or object of a sentence and can be modified by adjectives or followed by prepositional phrases.
The table below provides a comprehensive list of examples illustrating the use of “results” as a noun in various contexts.
| Sentence | Context |
|---|---|
| The results of the election were announced last night. | Politics |
| The experiment yielded unexpected results. | Science |
| Her hard work produced excellent results. | General |
| The company’s financial results were impressive. | Business |
| The doctor reviewed the patient’s test results. | Medical |
| The results of the survey were conclusive. | Research |
| These results are preliminary and subject to change. | Research |
| Final results will be published next week. | General |
| The results speak for themselves. | General |
| Positive results are always encouraging. | General |
| Negative results can be discouraging. | General |
| Analyzing the results is crucial. | General |
| Documenting the results is important. | General |
| Interpreting the results requires expertise. | General |
| Validating the results ensures accuracy. | General |
| The results of their efforts were significant. | General |
| The results of the competition were surprising. | Sports |
| The results of the study were published in a journal. | Academic |
| The results of the treatment were promising. | Medical |
| The results of the investigation are confidential. | Legal |
| The results of the audit were satisfactory. | Business |
| The results of the experiment confirmed the hypothesis. | Science |
| The results of the project were presented at the conference. | General |
| The results of the analysis were consistent with the predictions. | General |
| The results of the evaluation were used to improve the program. | General |
| The results of the test were sent to the patient’s doctor. | Medical |
| The results of the research were widely cited. | Academic |
| The results of the game were unexpected. | Sports |
“Results” as a Verb
When used as a verb, “results” means to occur or follow as a consequence of something. This usage is less common than its use as a noun, but it is important to understand its meaning and context. It is often followed by the preposition “in.”
The following table illustrates how “results” can be used as a verb, showcasing its usage and context.
| Sentence | Context |
|---|---|
| Carelessness results in errors. | General |
| Poor planning results in project delays. | Business |
| Lack of exercise results in health problems. | Health |
| Ignoring safety regulations results in accidents. | Safety |
| Neglecting studies results in poor grades. | Academic |
| Excessive consumption of sugar results in weight gain. | Health |
| Failure to maintain equipment results in breakdowns. | Technical |
| Inadequate preparation results in failure. | General |
| Overspending results in debt. | Finance |
| Pollution results in environmental damage. | Environmental |
| Procrastination results in stress. | General |
| Reckless driving results in accidents. | Safety |
| Uncontrolled deforestation results in soil erosion. | Environmental |
| Consistent effort results in success. | General |
| Effective communication results in better understanding. | General |
| Investing in education results in greater opportunities. | General |
| Regular maintenance results in longevity. | Technical |
| Strategic planning results in efficient execution. | Business |
| Teamwork results in synergy. | General |
| Thoughtful consideration results in informed decisions. | General |
| Diligent research results in accurate findings. | Academic |
| Prudent investment results in financial security. | Finance |
| Sustainable practices results in environmental preservation. | Environmental |
| Continuous learning results in personal growth. | General |
| Honest communication results in trust. | General |
| Innovative thinking results in creative solutions. | General |
| Patience results in rewards. | General |
“Results” with Prepositions
Prepositions play a crucial role in connecting “results” to other parts of the sentence, providing context and clarifying the relationship between the results and the actions or events that produced them. Common prepositions used with “results” include “in,” “of,” “from,” and “as.”
The table below presents examples of “results” used with various prepositions, illustrating how these prepositions add nuance and detail to the meaning of the sentence.
| Sentence | Preposition | Context |
|---|---|---|
| The experiment resulted in a breakthrough discovery. | in | Science |
| The results of the investigation were inconclusive. | of | General |
| We obtained the results from the lab yesterday. | from | Science |
| As a result of the storm, many trees were uprooted. | as of | Environmental |
| The project resulted in significant cost savings. | in | Business |
| The results of the election were contested. | of | Politics |
| The data was gathered and resulted in a clear trend. | in | Research |
| The results of the medical tests were reviewed. | of | Medical |
| The results from the survey were analyzed. | from | Research |
| As a result of the changes, productivity increased. | as of | Business |
| The policy change resulted in improved efficiency. | in | Business |
| The results of the audit were surprising. | of | Business |
| The results from the examination were disappointing. | from | Academic |
| As a result of the training, performance improved. | as of | General |
| The study resulted in new insights. | in | Academic |
| The results of the experiment were published. | of | Science |
| The results from the competition were announced. | from | Sports |
| As a result of the investment, the company grew. | as of | Business |
| The treatment resulted in a full recovery. | in | Medical |
| The results of the analysis were conclusive. | of | General |
| The results from the investigation are pending. | from | Legal |
| As a result of the accident, the road was closed. | as of | General |
| The project resulted in significant improvements. | in | General |
| The results of the research were promising. | of | Academic |
| The results from the test were positive. | from | Medical |
| As a result of the rain, the game was cancelled. | as of | Sports |
“Results” in Formal Writing
In formal writing, such as academic papers, business reports, and official documents, it is crucial to use “results” with precision and clarity. The language should be objective and avoid colloquial expressions. The focus should be on presenting the results in a clear, concise, and well-supported manner.
The following examples demonstrate the proper use of “results” in formal writing contexts, showcasing the level of detail and objectivity expected in such settings. Note that “results” is often paired with data, analysis, and specific metrics.
| Sentence | Context |
|---|---|
| The statistical analysis of the data revealed significant results, indicating a strong correlation between the variables. | Academic Research |
| The company’s quarterly financial results exceeded expectations, demonstrating robust growth and profitability. | Business Report |
| The findings of the study yielded conclusive results, supporting the hypothesis that the new treatment is effective. | Medical Research |
| The investigation’s results indicated a breach of security protocols, necessitating immediate corrective action. | Official Document |
| The experimental results demonstrated a clear improvement in performance compared to the control group. | Scientific Paper |
| The survey results provided valuable insights into customer preferences and market trends. | Market Research |
| The audit results showed compliance with regulatory standards. | Compliance Report |
| The modeling results projected a significant increase in energy efficiency. | Environmental Assessment |
| The simulation results provided a clear understanding of the system’s behavior under various conditions. | Engineering Report |
| The diagnostic results confirmed the presence of the disease. | Medical Report |
| The competitive analysis results highlighted key areas for strategic improvement. | Business Strategy |
| The impact assessment results identified both positive and negative effects. | Policy Evaluation |
| The performance testing results validated the system’s reliability. | Software Development |
| The monitoring results showed stable environmental conditions. | Environmental Monitoring |
| The forensic results provided crucial evidence in the investigation. | Legal Investigation |
| The evaluation results informed the development of the training program. | Educational Program |
| The clinical trial results demonstrated the drug’s efficacy. | Pharmaceutical Research |
| The economic impact results showed a positive contribution to the region’s economy. | Economic Analysis |
| The geological survey results indicated the presence of valuable mineral resources. | Geological Survey |
| The network analysis results revealed vulnerabilities in the system’s architecture. | Cybersecurity Assessment |
| The user feedback results guided the refinement of the product design. | Product Development |
| The stress test results showed the material’s resilience under extreme conditions. | Material Science |
| The sensitivity analysis results identified critical parameters influencing the outcome. | Risk Management |
| The comparative results highlighted the advantages of the proposed method. | Methodology Evaluation |
| The predictive modeling results forecasted future trends with high accuracy. | Predictive Analytics |
| The optimization results showed the most efficient allocation of resources. | Resource Management |
| The verification results confirmed the integrity of the data. | Data Management |
“Results” in Informal Writing
In informal writing, such as emails to friends, personal blog posts, or casual conversations, the use of “results” can be more relaxed and conversational. The focus is on conveying the message clearly without strict adherence to formal grammar rules. Colloquial expressions and contractions are acceptable.
The following examples illustrate the use of “results” in informal writing, showcasing the relaxed tone and simplified language typical of such contexts.
| Sentence | Context |
|---|---|
| Hey, the results from my exam are finally in! I passed! | Personal Email |
| So, the results of the game were pretty crazy. We almost lost! | Casual Conversation |
| Guess what? The results of the project are amazing. We did it! | Informal Update |
| OMG, the results of my medical check-up are all clear! So relieved. | Social Media Post |
| Just got the results back – everything’s looking good! | Text Message |
| The results of the bake-off were hilarious. My cake was a disaster! | Blog Post |
| The results are in, and it looks like we’re going on vacation! | Excited Announcement |
| The results of the vote were a bit of a shock, tbh. | Social Commentary |
| Just heard back – the results were better than I expected! | Quick Update |
| The results of the concert survey are pretty interesting. | Informal Feedback |
| The results from the cooking experiment were… edible, at least! | Humorous Anecdote |
| I got the results, and I’m super happy with how things turned out! | Expressing Satisfaction |
| The results of the lottery were announced, but no one I know won. | Sharing News |
| The results from the class election are in. I’m so proud of my friend! | Supporting a Friend |
| The results of the test were surprisingly good. I didn’t study much, lol. | Self-Deprecating Humor |
| The results of the competition were announced, and I didn’t win, but it was still fun! | Reflecting on an Experience |
| The results of the movie poll are in, and everyone wants to see the new action film. | Sharing Popular Opinion |
| The results from the home improvement project are finally visible. Check out the before and after photos! | Showing Off Progress |
| The results of the scientific study were presented, but I didn’t understand any of it, haha. | Admitting Confusion |
| The results of the book club discussion were diverse and interesting. Everyone had a different perspective. | Describing a Conversation |
| The results of the talent show were exciting. So many talented people! | Expressing Excitement |
| The results of the climate change conference were disappointing. More action is needed. | Expressing Disappointment |
| The results of the charity fundraiser were heartening. So much generosity! | Expressing Gratitude |
| The results from the coding bootcamp were impressive. So many new skills! | Expressing Admiration |
| The results of the leadership workshop were transformative. I feel more confident now. | Expressing Personal Growth |
| The results of the community survey were revealing. We’ve got work to do! | Expressing Determination |
Usage Rules for “Results”
To use “results” correctly, it’s important to follow certain grammatical rules. These rules ensure that your sentences are clear, accurate, and grammatically sound.
- Use “results” as a plural noun: Since “results” refers to outcomes or consequences, it is typically used in the plural form. For example, “The results were positive.” Avoid using “result” when referring to multiple outcomes.
- Agreement with verbs: Ensure that the verb agrees with the noun “results.” Use plural verbs with “results.” For example, “The results are conclusive,” not “The results is conclusive.”
- Use “results in” as a verb phrase: When using “results” as a verb, it is usually followed by the preposition “in.” For example, “Carelessness results in errors.”
- Use appropriate prepositions: When connecting “results” to other parts of the sentence, use prepositions like “of,” “from,” “in,” and “as a result of” to provide context and clarify the relationship.
- Maintain formal tone in formal writing: In academic papers, business reports, and official documents, use precise and objective language. Avoid colloquial expressions and maintain a professional tone.
- Context matters: The meaning and usage of “results” can vary depending on the context. Be mindful of the specific field or situation and use “results” accordingly.
By following these usage rules, you can ensure that your sentences are grammatically correct and convey the intended meaning clearly and effectively. Paying attention to these details will enhance the overall quality of your writing and communication.
Common Mistakes When Using “Results”
Even experienced English speakers sometimes make mistakes when using “results.” Being aware of these common errors can help you avoid them and improve your accuracy.
| Incorrect | Correct | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| The result was positive. | The results were positive. | “Results” is typically used in the plural form. |
| The results is conclusive. | The results are conclusive. | The verb must agree with the plural noun “results.” |
| Carelessness results to errors. | Carelessness results in errors. | When used as a verb, “results” is followed by “in,” not “to.” |
| As result of the storm… | As a result of the storm… | The correct phrase is “as a result of.” |
| The research’s results. | The results of the research. | It’s more common and grammatically correct to say “results of the research.” |
| The result speak for itself. | The results speak for themselves. | “Results” is plural, so “speak” should be plural as well. |
| The experiment result in success. | The experiment resulted in success. | The verb “result” needs to be in the past tense to match the context. |
| Because of the results, therefore… | Because of the results… or Therefore… | Avoid redundancy by not using “because of the results” and “therefore” together. |
| The results was very interesting. | The results were very interesting. | Ensure verb agreement with the plural noun “results.” |
| The research’s result was positive. | The results of the research were positive. | Use the plural form “results” and correct the prepositional phrase. |
By being mindful of these common mistakes and practicing the correct usage, you can significantly improve the accuracy and clarity of your writing and communication.
Practice Exercises
These exercises will help you practice using “results” correctly in various contexts. Each exercise focuses on a different aspect of using “results,” from choosing the correct form to constructing grammatically sound sentences.
Exercise 1: Choose the Correct Form
Select the correct form of “results” to complete each sentence.
| Question | Options | Answer |
|---|---|---|
| The ________ of the experiment were surprising. | (a) result, (b) results | (b) results |
| Carelessness often ________ in mistakes. | (a) result, (b) results | (b) results |
| The ________ of the survey showed a clear trend. | (a) result, (b) results | (b) results |
| The treatment ________ in a full recovery. | (a) result, (b) results | (b) results |
| The ________ of the election were announced last night. | (a) result, (b) results | (b) results |
| Her hard work produced excellent ________. | (a) result, (b) results | (b) results |
| The company’s financial ________ were impressive. | (a) result, (b) results | (b) results |
| The doctor reviewed the patient’s test ________. | (a) result, (b) results | (b) results |
| These ________ are preliminary and subject to change. | (a) result, (b) results | (b) results |
| Positive ________ are always encouraging. | (a) result, (b) results | (b) results |
Exercise 2: Fill in the Blanks
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate form of “results” and any necessary prepositions.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The study ________ ________ new insights into the problem. | resulted in |
| The ________ ________ the investigation were inconclusive. | results of |
| We obtained the ________ ________ the lab yesterday. | results from |
| ________ ________ ________ ________ the storm, many trees were uprooted. | As a result of |
| The project ________ ________ significant cost savings. | resulted in |
| The ________ ________ the election were contested. | results of |
| The data was gathered and ________ ________ a clear trend. | resulted in |
| The ________ ________ the medical tests were reviewed. | results of |
| The ________ ________ the survey were analyzed. | results from |
| ________ ________ ________ ________ the changes, productivity increased. | As a result of |
Exercise 3: Correct the Sentences
Identify and correct the errors in the following sentences.
| Incorrect Sentence | Correct Sentence |
|---|---|
| The result was positive. | The results were positive. |
| The results is conclusive. | The results are conclusive. |
| Carelessness results to errors. | Carelessness results in errors. |
| As result of the storm… | As a result of the storm… |
| The research’s results. | The results of the research. |
| The result speak for itself. | The results speak for themselves. |
| The experiment result in success. | The experiment resulted in success. |
| Because of the results, therefore… | Because of the results… or Therefore… |
| The results was very interesting. | The results were very interesting. |
| The research’s result was positive. | The results of the research were positive. |
Advanced Topics
For advanced learners, understanding the nuances and
complexities surrounding the use of “results” can further enhance your communication skills. This section delves into more sophisticated aspects, including idiomatic expressions, nuanced meanings, and contextual variations that require a deeper understanding of the English language.
1. Idiomatic Expressions
Several idiomatic expressions incorporate the word “results,” adding color and depth to communication. Understanding these expressions can help you interpret nuanced meanings and use them appropriately.
- Results speak for themselves: This idiom means that the outcomes or achievements are so evident that they require no further explanation or justification.
- Get results: This phrase means to achieve a desired outcome or to be effective in producing specific results.
- Mixed results: This indicates that the outcomes are partly positive and partly negative or inconclusive.
Using these idiomatic expressions correctly can add a layer of sophistication to your language and make your communication more engaging.
2. Nuanced Meanings
The word “results” can carry different connotations depending on the context and the speaker’s intention. Understanding these nuances is crucial for accurate interpretation and effective communication.
- Results vs. Outcomes: While often used interchangeably, “results” typically refers to measurable or tangible outcomes, whereas “outcomes” can encompass broader, less quantifiable effects.
- Positive vs. Negative Results: The interpretation of “results” can vary depending on whether they are seen as desirable or undesirable. Positive results are encouraging, while negative results may require further investigation or corrective action.
- Expected vs. Unexpected Results: The significance of “results” can also depend on whether they align with prior expectations. Unexpected results may prompt new lines of inquiry or challenge existing assumptions.
By recognizing these subtle differences in meaning, you can fine-tune your language to convey your intended message with greater precision and impact.
3. Contextual Variations
The use of “results” can vary across different fields and disciplines. Being aware of these contextual variations is essential for effective communication in specialized settings.
- Scientific Research: In scientific contexts, “results” are often presented with detailed statistical analysis and rigorous methodology.
- Business and Finance: In business settings, “results” are typically framed in terms of financial performance, market share, and profitability.
- Medical Field: In the medical field, “results” refer to diagnostic findings, treatment outcomes, and patient health indicators.
By adapting your language to suit the specific context, you can enhance your credibility and communicate more effectively with experts in different fields.
Frequently Asked Questions
This section addresses some frequently asked questions about using “results” in sentences. These questions cover common points of confusion and provide clear, concise answers to help you master the usage of “results.”
Q1: Is it correct to say “the result is” instead of “the results are”?
No, it is generally incorrect to say “the result is” when referring to multiple outcomes or consequences. “Results” is typically used in the plural form, so the correct phrase is “the results are.” However, if you are referring to a single, specific result, “the result is” can be appropriate.
Q2: Can “results” be used as a singular noun?
While “results” is predominantly used as a plural noun, “result” can be used as a singular noun when referring to a single outcome or consequence. For example, “The final result of the game was a victory.”
Q3: What is the difference between “results” and “outcomes”?
“Results” and “outcomes” are often used interchangeably, but “results” typically refers to measurable or tangible consequences, while “outcomes” can encompass broader, less quantifiable effects. “Results” tend to be more specific and immediate, whereas “outcomes” can be more general and long-term.
Q4: How do I use “results” in a formal research paper?
In a formal research paper, use “results” with precision and clarity. Present your findings objectively, using statistical analysis and clear descriptions. Avoid colloquial expressions and maintain a professional tone. For example, “The statistical analysis of the data yielded significant results.”
Q5: When should I use “as a result of” in a sentence?
Use “as a result of” to indicate that something happened because of a specific cause or event. For example, “As a result of the storm, many trees were uprooted.” This phrase helps to establish a clear cause-and-effect relationship.
Q6: Is it correct to say “Carelessness results to errors”?
No, the correct phrase is “Carelessness results in errors.” When using “results” as a verb, it is followed by the preposition “in,” not “to.”
Q7: How can I avoid common mistakes when using “results”?
To avoid common mistakes, always use “results” in the plural form when referring to multiple outcomes, ensure verb agreement, use the correct prepositions, and maintain an appropriate tone for the context. Review your sentences carefully to catch any errors.
Q8: Can you give an example of “results” used in an informal context?
Sure! In an informal context, you might say something like, “Hey, the results from my exam are finally in! I passed!” This is a relaxed and conversational way to share the news.
Q9: What are some idiomatic expressions that use the word “results”?
Some common idiomatic expressions include “results speak for themselves,” “get results,” and “mixed results.” These phrases add color and depth to your communication.
Q10: How does the meaning of “results” change in different fields like science, business, or medicine?
The meaning of “results” can vary depending on the field. In science, it refers to experimental findings; in business, it relates to financial performance; and in medicine, it pertains to diagnostic outcomes and treatment effects. Understanding these contextual variations is crucial for effective communication.
Conclusion
Mastering the usage of “results” is essential for clear and effective communication in English. By understanding its definition, structural breakdown, various usages, common mistakes, and advanced topics, you can confidently use “results” in a wide range of contexts. Whether you’re writing formal reports, engaging in casual conversations, or conducting academic research, the knowledge and exercises provided in this guide will equip you with the tools to express outcomes, consequences, and findings with greater accuracy and impact.
Remember to practice regularly, pay attention to the nuances of the English language, and be mindful of the specific context in which you are using “results.” With consistent effort and attention to detail, you can master the usage of “results” and enhance your overall communication skills.